Abstract
A modified PtRu/ZrO<sub >2</sub> catalyst with Mg is evaluated for the oxidative steam reforming of ethanol (OSRE) and the steam reforming of ethanol (SRE). In order to understand the variation in the reaction mechanism on OSRE and SRE, further analysis of both fresh and used catalyst is concentrated on for TEM, TG, Raman, and TPR characterization. The results show that the OSRE reaction requires a higher temperature (<svg style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:60.275002px;" id="M1" height="14.6" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 60.275002 14.6" width="60.275002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝑇</tspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">𝑅</tspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.63,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">∼</tspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0">3</tspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.291889" y="0">9</tspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.543388" y="0">0</tspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>°C) to achieve 100% ethanol conversion than the SRE reaction (<svg style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:68.087502px;" id="M2" height="14.7875" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 68.087502 14.7875" width="68.087502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.17)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝑇</tspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,60.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">𝑅</tspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.63,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">∼</tspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0">2</tspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.291889" y="0">5</tspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.543388" y="0">0</tspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.794889" y="0">0</tspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>°C). The distribution of CO is minor for both reactions (< 5% for OSRE, < 1% for SRE). This demonstrates that the water gas shift (WGS) reaction is an important side-reaction in the reforming of ethanol to produce H<sub >2</sub> and CO<sub >2</sub>. A comparison of the temperature of WGS (<svg style="vertical-align:-3.25792pt;width:33.237499px;" id="M3" height="14.3875" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 33.237499 14.3875" width="33.237499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.49)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝑇</tspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">W</tspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.9293122" y="0">G</tspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="14.248256" y="0">S</tspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>) shows it is lower for the SRE reaction (<svg style="vertical-align:-3.25792pt;width:76.0625px;" id="M4" height="14.9375" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 76.0625 14.9375" width="76.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝑇</tspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,60.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">W</tspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.9293122" y="0">G</tspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="14.248256" y="0">S</tspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-41.99,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">∼</tspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0">2</tspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0">5</tspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.530886" y="0">0</tspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>°C for SRE, <i>~</i>340°C for OSRE).
Highlights
The prospect of global energy shortages as well as increasingly stringent emission regulations has stimulated interest in renewable energies
Hydrogen can be produced from ethanol through different reforming processes, for example, steam reforming of ethanol (SRE), partial oxidation of ethanol (POE), and oxidative steam reforming of ethanol (OSRE)
Low reaction temperatures around 100 to 200◦C in the POE and OSRE over a Pt/ZrO2 and PtRu/ZrO2 catalysts were reported by our previous studies [18,19,20,21], and 300◦C was reported by Mattos and Noronha [22] in the POE reaction
Summary
The prospect of global energy shortages as well as increasingly stringent emission regulations has stimulated interest in renewable energies. Production of hydrogen from renewable sources derived from agricultural or other waste streams offers the possibility of lower or even no net greenhouse gas emissions [1, 2]. In view of the ZrO2-supported system, noble metal catalysts such as Pt and Ru are well known for their high catalytic activities, which have been extensively investigated. The sizeselective capability of Pt/ZrO2 catalysts on the catalytic decomposition of alcohol for the production of hydrogen was reported by Cuenya’s group [7, 16]. This catalyst deactivated at high temperatures due to carbon deposition. The use of basic oxides as supports and the addition of metal species (Li, Na, K, and Cu, etc.) have
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
