Abstract
Abstract The duodenal loop was distended between intraluminal balloons while using pharmacological relaxants topically and parenterally. Filling defects in the duodenum noted in upper gastrointestinal series represented pathological lesions if they were not obliterated by the distension. The normal papilla of Vater everts, while that with a stone or tumor behind it does not. Reflux pancreatography was attempted. Pharmacological agents which promoted duodenal hypotonia and reflux passage of contrast media through the sphincter of Oddi musculature in dogs proved ineffective in humans. Reflux opacification of the pancreatic duct of diagnostic quality was possible in patients who had a diverticulum in the ampulla.
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