Abstract
Refleksiv Sports Management – Sports management i et socio-filosofisk perspektiv (Reflexive Sport Management – a socio-philosophical approach to sport management)Sports management and its development is closely linked to the development of modern society and modern rationality. This article applies sociological theories and practical management philosophy to shed light on how sports management and its rationality in Denmark (Europe) and the United States have changed and undergone different phases for more than a century, and to show that, in late modernity, they are entering a new phase in which they seem to be more reflexive and communicative. This trend is evident in American sports management and will also soon be reflected in Danish sports management. My analysis of this development will also be based on a specific case study from the American world of sports, namely the story of Oakland Athletics baseball club’s reorganisation in the 1990s, because it both provides a rare insight into a modern sports organisation and demonstrates the reflexive and communicative dimension in late modern sports management.
Highlights
BILLY ADAMSEN tet i Danmark (Europa) og USA gennem mere 2006)
Men selvom punkt i en konkret case fra den amerikanske de sportslige resultater ikke altid stod mål med sports verden, nemlig i historien om baseball budgettets størrelse, så formåede Oakland Athklubbens Oakland Athletics reorganisering til- letics dog alligevel én gang at vinde det største bage i 1990’erne, fordi den på én gang giver en inden for Baseball, nemlig the World Series, da sjælden indsigt i en moderne sportsorganisation de i 1989 besejrede San Fransisco Giants
Samtidig handlede det i flere klubber om ikke drives som forretninger og ud fra en forretningskun at være med, at deltage i turneringer og orienteret og dermed moderne sports managekonkurrencer, men om også at vinde dem for ment, hvor det handlede om at nå sine mål, om dermed at kunne tiltrække flere tilskuere og organisatorisk effektivitet og funktionalitet; Hulbert became known as the “Czar of base- Og med det ledelsessyn, og en sports manageball” for his strong leadership of the game ment præget af den formelle and his role as a major figure in the develop- rationalitet, ændrede klubberne og organisatioment of sports management in United States. ner sig gradvist fra at være medlems-og frivillig
Summary
Sports management og dens udvikling er tæt eftertænksom overvejende, mere kritisk og reforbundet med det moderne samfunds udvik- fleksiv i forhold til den “traditionelle” moderne ling og den moderne rationalitet. Men selvom punkt i en konkret case fra den amerikanske de sportslige resultater ikke altid stod mål med sports verden, nemlig i historien om baseball budgettets størrelse, så formåede Oakland Athklubbens Oakland Athletics reorganisering til- letics dog alligevel én gang at vinde det største bage i 1990’erne, fordi den på én gang giver en inden for Baseball, nemlig the World Series, da sjælden indsigt i en moderne sportsorganisation de i 1989 besejrede San Fransisco Giants. Da journalisten Michael Lewis i 2004 udgav bo- overtaget Walter A Hass’ aktier i Oakland Athlegen “Moneyball” om den amerikanske baseball tics, forlangte, at spillerbudgettet blev mere end klub Oakland Athletics reorganisering i slutnin- halveret og i sæsonen 1997 og 98 hørte det derfor gen af 1990’erne, fik offentligheden en sjælden til blandt de laveste spillerbudgetter i Den Amemulighed for et kig ind i en professionel sports- rikanske Baseball Liga (MLB) (Lewis, 2004). Og selvom Oakland Athletics hvordan Oaklands Athletics moderne sports ma- nu havde et af de laveste spillerbudgetter i
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