Abstract
Towers of the World Trade Center in New York City. Approximately 40 minutes after the World Trade Center was attacked, a similar terrorist attack was perpetrated against the Pentagon in Washington, DC. A fourth hijacked plane crashed in a wooded area in Somerset County, Pennsylvania. Although the physical devastation has been unparalleled in this nation, the psychological devastation may not be evident for months, or even years. The purpose of this paper is to review and expand the theoretical and empirical foundations of G. S. Everly and J. T. Mitchell’s (2001, International Journal of Emergency Mental Health, 3, 133–135) 10 recommendations or “commandments” on how to address the psychological consequences of mass terrorism. The article also includes important recommendations for emergency personnel regarding pre-, during, and postdisaster measures, such as predisaster resiliency training, and steps to assist the reestablishment of a sense of physical safety and community cohesion postdisaster. [Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention 2:95–104 (2002)]
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