Abstract
The paper aims to investigate the reasons why Augmented Reality (AR) has not fully broken the industrial market yet, or found a wider application in industries. The main research question the paper tries to answer is: what are the factors (and to what extent) that are limiting AR? Firstly, a reflection on the state of art of AR applications in industries is proposed, to discover the sectors more commonly chosen for deploying the technology so far. Later, based on a survey conducted after that, three AR applications have been tested on manufacturing, automotive, and railway sectors, and the paper pinpoints key aspects that are conditioning its embedding in the daily working life. In order to compare whether the perception of employees from railway, automotive, and manufacturing sectors differs significantly, a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) has been used. Later, suggestions are formulated in order to improve these aspects in the industry world. Finally, the paper indicates the main conclusions, highlighting possible future researches to start.
Highlights
Information for human interaction is available for access at any time and place, allowing operators to change settings or maintainers to perform maintenance and monitoring of tasks in real time with a high level of situational awareness
The results acquired with the three surveys, based on the Likert Scale evaluation show comparable concerns and Augmented Reality (AR) limitation motivations regardless of the industrial sector
The analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis has proved that there is no significant difference among different industrial sectors; the round of survey should be conducted to investigate how AR is received by other industrial environments
Summary
Information for human interaction is available for access at any time and place, allowing operators to change settings or maintainers to perform maintenance and monitoring of tasks in real time with a high level of situational awareness. Due to the flow of information and the need for operators and maintainers to access different systems for service support, there is a change of behavior and professional profile in progress. In terms of human factors, education for industry 4.0 goes through the process of understanding the best technologies and procedural approaches, so that the human being reaches the expected levels of efficiency and safety. Several experiments are being carried out, indicating that there is much space for innovation through technological/procedural development. By delivering to the operator/maintainer a set of contextualized digital information, AR introduces computer-generated elements and objects overlapping the view of the real world [1], showing a significant amount of information, depending on the set of symbols associated with the environment of interest [2]
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