Abstract
Research background: Geopolitical thought at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries was among the first to accentuate a global dimension of international politics. It stagnated in the context of WWII, however, the adoption of geopolitical approaches in U.S. foreign policy concepts contributed to its revival during the Cold War and its rapid development in the 1990s because of the need to address the changes in the power-political and spatial-political structures of the world. The relationship between geopolitical thought and globalization, however, remains controversial. In academic literature, geopolitics and globalization are perceived either as compatible or as incompatible phenomena. Purpose of the article: The paper aims to outline how geopolitical thought has reflected the development of globalization processes and how it has changed with this development since the 2nd half of the 20th century. Methods: Analytical-synthetic and historical-comparative methods are used for the study of globalization development and content analysis and comparative methods are employed to map the development of geopolitical thought and its reflection of globalization. Findings & Value added: The development, direction and consequences of globalization have been reflected in geopolitical thought mainly since the 1990s. As a result, new trends in geopolitical thought have been established; apart from the changes in the power-spatial and political-spatial structures of the world studied by classical geopolitical thought, they also reflect the relationship between global and local, an acceleration in contradictory processes in the world caused by economic, cultural, demographic, information and other factors of spatial control.
Highlights
The relationship between geopolitical thought and globalization processes has currently become a subject of many academic debates
The aim of the contribution is to outline how geopolitical thought has reflected the development of globalization processes and how it has changed with the development of globalization since the 2nd half of the 20th century
The analytical-synthetic and historical-comparative methods were used for the study of the development of globalization processes and the methods of content analysis and comparison were employed to map the development of geopolitical thought and its reflection of globalization
Summary
The relationship between geopolitical thought and globalization processes has currently become a subject of many academic debates. Some authors ask whether globalization would lead to “the end of geopolitics”, the others wonder about “the end of globalization” in terms of the efforts of states to regain their sovereignty (Mihaylov and Sitek, 2021). In this regard, Bieleń (2009) states that many authors overestimate the significance of globalization and geopolitics and that both of the phenomena are interdependent and complementary. In this regard, Falk (2015) characterizes the current period as transitional; “old” geopolitics has not disappeared yet but can no longer be able to transform its preferences into desired results, while “new” geopolitics is in its infancy and it cannot resist “old” geopolitics and shape international affairs
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