Abstract
Reflection characteristics and cascadability of multi-mode interference (MMI) 3 dB couplers are investigated. Quantitative reflection characteristics of MMI couplers were investigated using a low-coherence interferometric reflectometer. The MMI couplers were fabricated in an InP/InGaAsP/InP double-hetero structure. The reflectivity from the interface between the MMI region and output waveguide is shown to be less than −30 dB. The cascadability of MMI couplers is also investigated by comparing a branching ratio of an MMI coupler and a Y branch. It is shown that the mode-filtering effect of MMI couplers enables the cascade connection with stable blanching ratio.
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