Abstract
The issue of reflecting national mentality in the linguistic worldview continues to be relevant as each people has its own specific mindset and common mood related to moral and ethical features of its formation. The article describes a national concept as a complete combination of thought, religions, cultural traditions, folklore that form a conceptual sphere of a language. Therefore, studying the reflection of national identity in the concepts seems to be essential, as the concept itself is a key category in linguistic research of viewing the world through language. The main purpose of this study is to perform a comparative analysis of conceptual spheres of the Russian and English languages. To achieve this purpose we set several tasks: to characterize peculiarities of expressing the key concepts sovest’/conscience, dobro/good, pravda/truth, krasota/beauty in speech; to identify extralinguistic factors fostering common understanding of the conceptual spheres being analyzed in the Russian and English linguistic worldviews. The article uses a complex research methodology, which combines descriptive and analytical methods, as well as the opposition technique and structural and semantic analysis of a word. The paper concludes that only those connotations of the concepts that become a symbol referring to a certain perspective of national mentality are ethnoculturally essential. In the conceptual spheres of English and Russian, key notions defining value systems of these cultures play a significant role. Evolution of material and spiritual culture is reflected in a concept as a single linguistic unit.
Highlights
Comparative analysis of national cultures may be performed through studying mental values represented in certain linguistic worldviews
Research objective is to present comparative characteristics of the national identity of cultural context within the conceptual spheres of the Russian and English languages by describing peculiarities of expressing the universal concepts sovest’/conscience, dobro/good, pravda/truth, krasota/beauty in speech and identifying extralinguistic factors fostering the development of significant common traits in the conceptual spheres of both languages
In the conceptual spheres of English and Russian, we find panhuman concepts, typical for all linguistic worldviews, and unique ones, which are common for a specific national and conceptual world model and add distinctive national and cultural colors to it
Summary
Comparative analysis of national cultures may be performed through studying mental values represented in certain linguistic worldviews. Research objective is to present comparative characteristics of the national identity of cultural context within the conceptual spheres of the Russian and English languages by describing peculiarities of expressing the universal concepts sovest’/conscience, dobro/good, pravda/truth, krasota/beauty in speech and identifying extralinguistic factors fostering the development of significant common traits in the conceptual spheres of both languages. In the development of linguistic worldview, universal factors, which are the same for the human race, are of great importance. Along with common conditions, each people is characterized by its unique culture-specific elements that are typical only for this nation and are reflected in national mental images constituting a conceptual system of a language. National mental images, which carry a cultural footprint, fully represent historical experience of a nation related to the issues of understanding different elements of nation-specific information that is possessed only by a certain national and cultural collective [8]
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