Abstract
The performance of a high-voltage switching impulse (SI) measurement system is highly dependent on the characteristics of the used voltage divider. Self-built or commercial voltage dividers do not always fulfill the requirements set for reference-level devices. Software corrections to improve the non-ideal divider response are easy to implement. This article describes the traceability and performance of the SI measurement systems of VTT MIKES up to 400 kV. Traceability is based on a calculable impulse voltage calibrator, which is used for calibration of a reference digitizer and a 10-kV divider. The 10-kV divider is then used to calibrate the 400-kV modular divider. Responses of both dividers are corrected using two different software methods. Implementation of these software methods allows state-of-the-art impulse parameter uncertainties. The most significant uncertainty component of time to peak is related to its definition and evaluation according to IEC 60060-1:2010 and IEC 61083–2:2013.
Highlights
I MPULSE voltages are used for dielectric tests of highvoltage equipment
This study presents the switching impulse (SI) measurement capabilities of VTT MIKES up to 400 kV, extending the proceedings paper [7]
The calculable impulse voltage calibrator [8] generates standard SIs according to IEC 60060-1:2010
Summary
I MPULSE voltages are used for dielectric tests of highvoltage equipment. By definition, the impulse voltage is intentionally generated aperiodic transient voltage, which rapidly reaches its peak value and falls slowly to zero. Impulse voltages are usually measured with a system consisting of a voltage divider with a possible damping resistor, a signal cable, and a digitizer (transient recorder) with a possible attenuator. A good voltage divider does not distort the signal, i.e., time parameters of the output voltage of the divider correspond to the actual high-voltage impulse. SI voltages are usually measured with damped-capacitive voltage dividers (Zaengl type) [4] since resistive dividers have challenges to withstand the impulse energy [5]. Designing and building a reference-level damped capacitive voltage divider for impulse voltage measurements are not trivial [5], [6]. The low time parameter uncertainty is achieved due to the software-corrected divider response. Impulse calibrator is used to evaluate the performance of the reference digitizer and the 10-kV voltage divider. The step response of the 400-kV divider is corrected with software in the frequency domain using deconvolution [7]
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