Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), probably Asian genotype, was first detected in Cambodia in 1961. Despite no evidence of acute or recent CHIKV infections since 2000, real-time reverse transcription PCR of serum collected in 2011 detected CHIKV, East Central South African genotype. Spatiotemporal patterns and phylogenetic clustering indicate that the virus probably originated in Thailand.
Highlights
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), probably Asian genotype, was first detected in Cambodia in 1961
Cambodia, during hospital-based surveillance of dengue and investigation of suspected dengue cases have been screened for IgM against CHIKV, dengue virus (DENV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), and other arboviruses
Phylogenetic analysis of the complete genome sequence revealed that all viruses from Cambodia clustered with those isolated during the Indian Ocean outbreak and within the East Central South African (ECSA) phylogenetic group (Figure 2)
Summary
Cambodia, during hospital-based surveillance of dengue and investigation of suspected dengue cases have been screened for IgM against CHIKV, dengue virus (DENV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), and other arboviruses Despite this testing, no evidence of acute or recent CHIKV infections has been found. Phylogenetic analysis was performed by using the maximum-likelihood approach incorporating the GTR+Γ4 model of nucleotide substitution with a bootstrap resampling process of 1,000 replications During this reemergence of CHIKV in 2011, a total of 24 patients with fever, sometimes associated with acute arthritis or encephalitis (suggesting that many classical infections were not reported because encephalitis is a rare complication of chikungunya), had positive RT-PCR and/ or IgM-capture ELISA results for CHIKV. Characteristics of 24 patients with positive results for chikungunya virus, Cambodia, 2011*
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