Abstract
The scope of the study was the average climate impact of tomato, cucumber, and lettuce produced in heated greenhouses. The functional unit was one kilogramme of final product at the farm gate. Comparable data sets were used in the situation in 2004 and 2017. Main finding was that changes in energy profiles, especially increasing contribution of renewable energy instead of fossil ones, remarkably decreased climate impact of vegetables. The climate impact of greenhouse tomatoes has declined by 61% since 2004.
Highlights
According to previous studies, 19% of the climate impacts associated with consumption comes from food production and consumption in Finland [1]
We focus on Finnish greenhouse production, because there has so far been no scientific research about the average climate impact of Finnish greenhouse production or its changes
This investigation focused on the evident climate impact hot spots of Finnish greenhouse production; because they were previously known to be heat energy and electricity use [30]
Summary
19% of the climate impacts associated with consumption comes from food production and consumption in Finland [1]. There is great potential to decrease the climate impact of particular food supply chains. Food production systems are developing continuously, which means that their climate impact is often reduced. Previous studies show that this type of greenhouse production has a lower climate impact compared to more high-tech heated greenhouse production. There, the production of greenhouse structures, auxiliary equipment, and fertilisers are typically the main contributors to the climate impact of production [11,12,17], and for soil-based production location-specific variables such as climate and soil type are important [18]
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