Reduction of Smoke-Generation Ability of Construction Timber

Elena Pokrovskaya,Feodor Portnov

doi:10.1051/matecconf/20168604035

Elena Pokrovskaya, Feodor Portnov

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20168604035

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Abstract

The problem of reduction of smoke-generation ability for construction timber is of high importance as the smokes and toxic combustion products generating in the course of these materials burning are one of the most dangerous fire factors which threaten life and health of people. According to data presented by Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation, rate of mortality due to smoke and toxic combustion gases is more than 70% of total number of people deaths in fires. In this paper, influence of phosphorus-containing modifiers to smoke-generation ability of timber, and also dependence of smoke-generation ability on chemical reactivity of the modifier in interaction with timber has been studied. The problem on fumigation at construction timber burning can be solved by development of chemical compositions efficiently reacting with the surface layer of the timber so that diffusion of solid carbonaceous particles from the timber surface into atmosphere decreases.

Highlights

The problem of reduction of smoke-generation ability for construction timber is of high importance [1-5] as the smokes and toxic combustion products generating in the course of these materials burning are one of the most dangerous fire factors which threaten life and health of people
According to data presented by Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation, rate of mortality due to smoke and toxic combustion gases is more than 70% of total number of people deaths in fires
These results show that described timber treatment considerably reduces its ability to spread flame along the timber surface

Summary

Burning index and combustibility index

During the tests, following parameters were recorded: variation of temperature Δtmax for light gaseous products produced at timber combustion, time τmax to maximal temperature of the timber combustion gases. The results obtained show that when using inorganic phosphorus compositions – ammonia polyphosphates and organic phosphorus compositions – protective effect is reached. Parameter Δtmax for timber in the presence of DMF and DEF compositions is 2.5 times lower, than that for native timber. The indicator τmax indicates duration of this protective effect in time. For DMF and DEF this parameter is twice higher than for native timber. On the basis of results obtained (Table 4) it can be noted that loss of mass for sample of timber modified with DMF is reduced by 11 times, for DEF and PFA-1 - by 9 times

Group of fireproof efficiency III I

Findings

Time of flame passing Increase of Sample