Reduction of smoke and NOx from the combined effect of thermal barrier coatings and Raphanus sativus biodiesel in a diesel engine for transport sectors

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe present research work is to analyze the effect of the ceramic coating materials like Partially Stabilized Zirconia (PSZ), Titanium di-oxide (TiO2), and Radish biodiesel on its performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of single cylinder 4-s, DI diesel engine fueled with diesel and Radish biodiesel blends. In the first phase, Radish seed oil is converted into biodiesel by transesterification process. The properties of biodiesel blends (B0, B25, B50, B75, and B100) are evaluated and presented; tests were conducted at 1500 rpm constant speed with 220 bar of nozzle opening pressure and 23°bTDC of static injection timing as engine setup under steady state condition. The cylinder head, valves, and piston crown of the engine components were coated with 450 µm of PSZ and TiO2 by atmospheric plasma spray coating techniques (APS) for test purpose. From the test results, it could be observed that PSZ-coated mode of operation gives better specific fuel consumption (SFC) than the conventional diesel engine, slight hike in brake thermal efficiency, reduction in hydrocarbon by 16–30% and low level of CO in emissions were observed. However, the NOx increases by 17–23% when compared to conventional engine operation. In case of TiO2-coated mode of operation, slight increase in the SFC is recorded, whereas, Oxides of Nitrogen, Smoke, Hydro Carbon, and Carbon monoxide emissions are decreased for all test fuels (B0, B25, B50, B75, and B100) when compared with that of the conventional engine.