Abstract
The effect of cellulosic aerogel treatments used for adsorption of four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)—benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, and benzo[a]pyrene [BaP]—generated during the manufacture of sesame oil was evaluated. In this study, eulalia (Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens)-based cellulosic aerogel (adsorbent) was prepared and used high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection for determination of PAHs in sesame oil. In addition, changes in the sesame oil quality parameters (acid value, peroxide value, color, and fatty acid composition) following cellulosic aerogel treatment were also evaluated. The four PAHs and their total levels decreased in sesame oil samples roasted under different conditions (p < 0.05) following treatment with cellulosic aerogel. In particular, highly carcinogenic BaP was not detected after treatment with cellulosic aerogel. Moreover, there were no noticeable quality changes in the quality parameters between treated and control samples. It was concluded that eulalia-based cellulosic aerogel proved suitable for the reduction of PAHs from sesame oil and can be used as an eco-friendly adsorbent.
Highlights
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are revealed through various routes in the process of manufacturing food
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seeds and oil contain a large amount of unsaturated fatty acids, such as linoleic acid and oleic acid, several kinds of sesame lignans, and antioxidants, including tocopherol, sesamin, sesamol, and sesamolin, that may contribute to improved human health [6]
This study confirmed that cellulosic aerogel treatment might represent an effective strategy to remove polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from processed sesame oil
Summary
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are revealed through various routes in the process of manufacturing food. PAHs are a diversified family of more than 100 lipophilic organic contaminants composed of two or more fused aromatic rings [1]. PAHs are derived from the incomplete combustion of organic substances during industrial processes and other human activities [2]. Food processing, such as smoking, grilling, roasting, and toasting, can lead to the formation of high amounts of PAHs [3]. These cooking processes are leading sources of PAHs contamination of oils, seeds, beans, meats, and dairy products [4]. PAHs contamination of sesame oil mainly occurs during drying of the pressed solid matter before oil extraction with solvent, roasting, and compression under high temperature
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