Abstract
As climates change around the world, concern regarding environmental pollutants emitted into the atmosphere is increasing. The cement industry consistently produces more than 4000 million metric tons of cement per year. However, the problem of air pollutants being emitted from the calcination process is becoming more critical because their amount increases proportionally with cement production. Each country has established regulatory standards for pollutant emission. Accordingly, the cement industry is equipped with facilities to reduce air pollutants, one of which is the NOx removal process. NOx reduction processes under combustion conditions are modified to minimize NOx generation, and the generated NOx is removed through post-treatment. In terms of NOx removal efficiency, the post-treatment process effectively changes the combustion conditions during calcination. Selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) processes are post-treatment environmental facilities for NOx reduction. Accordingly, considering the stringent NOx emission standards in the cement industry, SNCR is essential, and SCR is selectively applied. Therefore, this paper introduces nitrogen oxide among air pollutants emitted from the South Korean cement industry and summarizes the technologies adapted to mitigate the emission of NOx by cement companies in South Korea.
Highlights
Cement is a binder in the form of fine powder that has been used for a long time in the building industry and is one of the most basic materials
Eco-friendly management is being conducted from the viewpoint of recycling resources with waste treatment technology while using waste as fuel; because a significant amount of air pollutants are generated by calcination (Figure 3B), an air pollutant reduction facility is necessary for the cement production process
The cement industry in Korea, which emits a relatively large amount of nitrogen oxide (NOx), is still below the levels deemed acceptable regarding initiatives imposed by emission regulations
Summary
Cement is a binder in the form of fine powder that has been used for a long time in the building industry and is one of the most basic materials. Eco-friendly management is being conducted from the viewpoint of recycling resources with waste treatment technology while using waste as fuel; because a significant amount of air pollutants are generated by calcination (Figure 3B), an air pollutant reduction facility is necessary for the cement production process Air pollutants such as CO2 , CO, CH4 , sulfur oxide (SOx ), nitrogen oxide (NOx ), and particulate matter (PM), which are carcinogens and cause global warming and acidification, are generated [1,7,8]. The annual air pollutant emissions of CO2 , SOx , and NOx are steadily increasing (red dotted line in Figure 4) in China, accounting for more than 50% of the global cement production.
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