Reduction of Malaria by Insecticide-Treated Mosquito Nets in Potiskum, Yobe State, Nigeria

Abstract

Aims: The study was conducted to assess prevalence of malaria pre- and post-distribution of insecticide treated nets (ITNs) in Potiskum Local Government Area, Yobe State, Nigeria.
 Study Design: Retrospective and cross-sectional.
 Place of Study: Potiskum Local Government Area, Yobe State, Nigeria.
 Materials and Methods: Prevalence of malaria infection in ten political wards pre-distribution of ITNs was investigated using secondary data sources from Roll Back Malaria and Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response offices. Thin and thick blood smears used to evaluate malaria prevalence post-distribution of ITNs were prepared from blood samples of 520 patients seeking medical attention from the General Hospital, Potiskum. Questionnaires were also handed out to the same set of patients.
 Results: Prevalence of malaria infection pre- and post-distribution of ITNs in the study area was 57.9% and 22.9% respectively. Respondents to the questionnaire (n = 216) had mosquito nets, of whom 85% owned long-lasting ITNs and the remaining, conventional nets, but 35% used ITNs in their homes and 63% of those owning ITNs received them free-of-charge from local health centers.
 Conclusion: If the impact of ITNs as an effective malaria vector control measure must be sustained, there should be a corresponding awareness program, which should be aimed at encouraging proper and constant use of ITNs.