Abstract
A blast furnace (BF) is the dominant process for making iron in the world. The BF is charged with metallurgical coke and iron burden materials including iron ore pellets, sinter, and lump ore. While descending in the BF the charge materials reduce. The iron‐bearing materials should reduce fast and remain in the solid form until as high a temperature as possible to ensure reaction contact with reducing gas and iron oxides. Herein, the reducibility of the iron ore pellet, sinter, and lump ore in the BF shaft are focused on. The experiments are conducted isothermally with a blast furnace simulator (BFS) high‐temperature furnace at four different temperatures (700, 800, 900, and 1000 °C) for 300 min. The experimental atmosphere consists of CO, CO2, H2, H2O, and N2 simulating the conditions in the BF shaft. It is found that lump ore has lowest reduction rate in all test conditions, and at lower temperatures iron ore pellets reduce faster than sinter, and this is reversed at higher temperatures. Furthermore, the reduction rate of sinter and iron ore pellets begins to resemble each other at higher temperatures.
Highlights
A blast furnace (BF) is the most common process for hot metal production in the world
This research work focuses on the reduction behavior of iron ore pellets, sinter, and lump ore in simulated BF shaft conditions where H2 and H2O are present in typical CO─CO2─N2 atmospheres
This research focused on the conditions in the BF shaft and how different temperatures combined with simulated gas compositions from the BF affect the reduction behavior of iron-bearing materials prior to reaching the cohesive zone
Summary
A blast furnace (BF) is the most common process for hot metal production in the world. The iron-bearing materials consist of iron ore pellets, lump ore, and sinter. There have been studies about the lowtemperature reduction degradation characteristics of pellets, sinter, and lump ore,[2] as well as the softening, shrinking, and melting reduction behavior of all charge materials or just part of them.[3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. Even though some research has considered all iron-bearing materials (sinter, iron ore pellets, and lump ore), the authors were not able to find researches made in temperatures which simulated the upper part of the BF shaft with a temperature range from 700 to 1000 C, with hydrogen and water vapor in the atmosphere and for all three material types. This research work focuses on the reduction behavior of iron ore pellets, sinter, and lump ore in simulated BF shaft conditions where H2 and H2O are present in typical CO─CO2─N2 atmospheres
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