Abstract
Background: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) encompasses both Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis, known to be connected to an enlarged risk for developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) is a Mediterranean plant used as an aromatic agent, and studies have mainly focused on the essential oil suggesting an anti-inflammatory activity. This work aimed to perform a preliminary screening of the in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of a spearmint phenolic extract in an acute inflammation model, in a chronic inflammation model of colitis, and also study the effects in vitro on a colon cancer model. Methods: Spearmint extract was administered to rats of a paw oedema model (induced by carrageenan) and to mice from a TNBS-induced colitis model in parallel with studies using HT-29 CRC cells. Results: Administration of the extract led to reduced paw inflammation, reduction of colon injury and inflammation, with attenuation of histological markers, and reduction of iNOS expression. It repressed the in vitro movement of HT-29 cells in a wound healing assay. Conclusions: These findings suggest that spearmint extract exhibits acute and chronic anti-inflammatory activity and is able to inhibit migration of cancer cells, suggesting a potential role in the supplementary therapy of IBD patients.
Highlights
The Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) condition is a chronic and incapacitating disease, which is classified into two archetypal phenotypes, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD)
Given the importance of inflammatory signalling in colitis into colorectal aimed to Assays evaluate if the anti-inflammatory effects exhibited by progression the spearmint extract in thecancer, animal we aimed to evaluate if the anti-inflammatory effects exhibited by the spearmint extract in the animal models ofthe acute and chronic inflammation would be toprogression disrupt the into tumorigenesis capacity
Phenolic compounds are the major components of spearmint extract and given the relevance of rosmarinic acid (RA) in inflammatory processes, its high concentration in the extract might be one of the main reasons for the beneficial effects observed
Summary
The Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) condition is a chronic and incapacitating disease, which is classified into two archetypal phenotypes, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) encompasses both Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis, known to be connected to an enlarged risk for developing colorectal cancer (CRC). This work aimed to perform a preliminary screening of the in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of a spearmint phenolic extract in an acute inflammation model, in a chronic inflammation model of colitis, and study the effects in vitro on a colon cancer model. Results: Administration of the extract led to reduced paw inflammation, reduction of colon injury and inflammation, with attenuation of histological markers, and reduction of iNOS expression It repressed the in vitro movement of HT-29 cells in a wound healing assay. Conclusions: These findings suggest that spearmint extract exhibits acute and chronic anti-inflammatory activity and is able to inhibit migration of cancer cells, suggesting a potential role in the supplementary therapy of IBD patients
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