Reduction of Fermi velocity in folded graphene observed by resonance Raman spectroscopy

Abstract

The $1+1$ layer folded graphene sheets that deviate from $AB$ stacking are successfully fabricated and their electronic structures are investigated by Raman spectroscopy. Significant blueshift of the 2D band of folded graphene compared to that of single layer graphene (SLG) is observed. This is attributed to SLG-like electronic structure of folded graphene but with slowing down of Fermi velocity (as much as $\ensuremath{\sim}5.6%$). Different amount of blueshift of 2D band is observed for different folded graphenes, which may correspond to the different twist angle and/or separation between the two layers, resulting in different Fermi velocity of folded graphenes. Electronic structure of $1+1$-folded graphene samples with different stacking order (twist and separation between the two layers, and in-plane shift of the two layers) can be investigated by Raman spectroscopy.