Reduction of Deoxynivalenol in Wheat with Superheated Steam and Its Effects on Wheat Quality.

Yuanxiao Liu,Erqi Guan,Ying Lu,Yuanfang Liu,Mengmeng Li,Ke Bian

doi:10.3390/toxins11070414

Abstract

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is the most commonly found mycotoxin in scabbed wheat. In order to reduce the DON concentration in scabbed wheat with superheated steam (SS) and explore the feasibility to use the processed wheat as crisp biscuit materials, wheat kernels were treated with SS to study the effects of SS processing on DON concentration and the quality of wheat. Furthermore, the wheat treated with SS were used to make crisp biscuits and the texture qualities of biscuits were measured. The results showed that DON in wheat kernels could be reduced by SS effectively. Besides, the reduction rate raised significantly with the increase of steam temperature and processing time and it was also affected significantly by steam velocity. The reduction rate in wheat kernels and wheat flour could reach 77.4% and 60.5% respectively. In addition, SS processing might lead to partial denaturation of protein and partial gelatinization of starch, thus affecting the rheological properties of dough and pasting properties of wheat flour. Furthermore, the qualities of crisp biscuits were improved at certain conditions of SS processing.

Highlights

Head blight is a kind of fungal disease affecting wheat plant throughout the world
In 2017, the DON levels in 48 wheat samples harvested in Brazil range from to 3937 μg/kg and the average level is 2398 μg/kg [2]
Romania in 2009 indicated that 66% of the samples were positive with DON with the average level of μg/kg [3]

Summary

Introduction

Head blight is a kind of fungal disease affecting wheat plant throughout the world. Both the yield and the quality of wheat are seriously affected by this disease. In 2017, the DON levels in 48 wheat samples harvested in Brazil range from to 3937 μg/kg and the average level is 2398 μg/kg [2]. Survey of 54 wheat samples in Southeast. Romania in 2009 indicated that 66% of the samples were positive with DON with the average level of μg/kg [3]. In 2014, a three-year survey of the occurrence of DON in wheat in some regions of Jiangsu Province, China indicated that DON was found in 74.4% of samples at levels ranging from

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