Reduction of cytochrome b in mitochondria from yeast lacking coenzyme Q.

Abstract

Mitochondria isolated from coenzyme Q deficient yeast cells had no detectable NADH:cytochrome c reductase or succinate:cytochrome c reductase but had comparable amounts of cytochromes b and c1 as wild-type mitochondria. Addition of succinate to the mutant mitochondria resulted in a slight reduction of cytochrome b; however, the subsequent addition of antimycin resulted in a biphasic reduction of cytochrome b, leading to reduction of 68% of the total dithionite-reducible cytochrome b. No "red" shift in the absorption maximum was observed, and no cytochrome c1 was reduced. The addition of either myxothiazol or alkylhydroxynaphthoquinone blocked the reduction of cytochrome b observed with succinate and antimycin, suggesting that the reduction of cytochrome b-562 in the mitochondria lacking coenzyme Q may proceed by a pathway involving cytochrome b at center o where these inhibitors block. Cyanide did not prevent the reduction of cytochrome b by succinate and antimycin the the mutant mitochondria. These results suggest that the succinate dehydrogenase complex can transfer electrons directly to cytochrome b in the absence of coenzyme Q in a reaction that is enhanced by antimycin. Reduced dichlorophenolindophenol (DCIP) acted as an effective bypass of the antimycin block in complex III, resulting in oxygen uptake with succinate in antimycin-treated mitochondria. By contrast, reduced DCIP did not restore oxygen uptake in the mutant mitochondria, suggesting that coenzyme Q is necessary for the bypass. The addition of low concentrations of DCIP to both wild-type and mutant mitochondria reduced with succinate in the presence of antimycin resulted in a rapid oxidation of cytochrome b perhaps by the pathway involving center o, which does not require coenzyme Q.