Reduction of cutting tools wear by using new materials in processing

Abstract

Automation of machine-building equipment, increasing processing speeds and expanding the range of the materials processed necessitated the development of effective abrasive materials that retain the ability to work under extreme conditions. A tool made of diamond-containing composite materials due to the record hardness of diamonds cannot be replaced by any other materials when processing products made of super hard materials, glass, ceramics, natural and synthetic materials. At the present stage of scientific and technical progress strength, viscosity and other characteristics of structural materials are increasing so rapidly that the tool materials available for production in a number of cases do not allow high-performance processing of blanks. Due to these features of modern production, the use of super hard materials is becoming increasingly important in metalworking. Natural (À) and synthetic diamonds (ASO) ASR, ASV, ASK, ASS, A M, ASN are used in industry. A diamond is the hardest material, possessing high red-hardness and wear resistance; there being no adhesion with many materials for diamonds. The disadvantage of diamonds is their fragility. Diamonds are used for the manufacture of diamond tools and fine powders. Other characteristics of construction materials increase so quickly that the tooling materials available for production in some cases do not make it possible to obtain high-performance crystal diamonds used to equip tools. Diamond chisels for thin sharpening and boring of the parts from aluminium alloys, bronzes, composite metals and non-metal materials are most widely used. A diamond instrument is applied for treatment of such hard materials as germanium, silicon, semiconductor materials, ceramics, heat resistant steels and alloys. The quality of the processed surfaces of parts increases with the use of diamond tools. Processing is carried out with the сutting speeds over 1000 m/min. Surface parts processed in these conditions, have low roughness and high accuracy sizes. The article shows that application of superhard materials, acquires still greater value in modern metal-working