Reduction of C-peptide secretion in noninsulin-dependent diabetic patients with long duration of insulin treatment.

Abstract

We examined the responses of serum free C-peptide immunoreactivity (CPR) during a 100 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) on diabetic patients undergoing different kinds and durations of treatment. None of the patients were ketosis-prone or had any history of nephropathy and they all developed diabetes when over the age of 30. The sigma serum free CPR (the sum of serum free CPR values during OGTT) of group A (duration of insulin treatment was less than 5 years, N = 10) was found to be higher than that of group B (duration of insulin treatment was 5 years or more, N = 10) (p less than 0.005). On the other hand, the sigma serum free CPR of group C (treatment with an oral hypoglycemic agent for less than 5 years, N = 9) was not statistically different from that of group D (treatment with an oral hypoglycemic agent for 5 years or more, N = 11). There were no statistical differences between group A and group B in age at onset, duration of diabetes, daily insulin dose, relative body weight index, serum creatinine or sigma BG (the sum of blood glucose values during OGTT). Just before the start of insulin treatment, there were no significant differences between the two groups in the following: 1. fasting blood glucose values (all 10 patients measured in group A and 9 patients in group B) 2. blood glucose and plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI) responses (7 patients measured in group A and 6 in group B). Among those with plasma IRI measured on the previous occasion, sigma serum free CPR was found to be higher in group A than in group B (p less than 0.025) at the time of the present study.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)