Reduction of Ammonia Emission from Stored Poultry Manure Using Additives: Zeolite, Al+clear, Ferix-3 and PLT

Abstract

Manure storage can be a significant source of ammonia emission that impacts theenvironment. Ammonia emission from manure storage can be controlled by using physical, chemicaland/or biological methods. Five treatment agents, including zeolite, liquid Al+Clear (aluminumsulfate), granular Al+Clear (aluminum sulfate), and granular Ferix-3 (ferric sulfate), and PLT (sodiumhydrogen sulfate) were topically applied to stored fresh layer manure. Each agent was tested at threeapplication rates, i.e., low, medium and high. Manure was stored in 19-litter Teflon-lined vesselsunder a constant ambient temperature of 23 oC with a constant airflow of 3 liter per minute. Theammonia concentrations and emissions from the vessels were measured and ammonia emissionreductions by the treatment regimens were evaluated as compared to the control. Reduction ofammonia emission as a result of topical application of the tested manure treatment agents, whencompared to the control, over a 7-day manure storage period was as following: A) 68%, 81% or 96%,respectively, for zeolite applied at 2.5%, 5% or 10% of the manure weight; B) 63%, 89%, or 94%,respectively, for liquid Al+Clear applied at 1, 2, or 4 kg m-2 of manure surface area; C) 81%, 93%, or94%, respectively, for dry granular Al+Clear applied at 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 kg m-2; D) 82%, 86%, or 87%,respectively, for Ferix-3 applied at 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 kg m-2; and E) 74%, 90%, or 92%, respectively, forPLT applied at 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 kg m-2.