Reduction of aflatoxin M1 using mixture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans cell walls immobilized on silica nanoparticles entrapped in alginate gel

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans cell walls immobilized on silica nanoparticles entrapped in alginate gel to reduction of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1). In this study, the cell walls of yeasts were disrupted by thermal shock-ultrasonication method and then separated. In the next step, cell walls of yeasts were immobilized on silica nanoparticles. Subsequently, the immobilized cell walls were entrapped in calcium alginate matrix using extrusion method. Finally, various treatments, including free cell walls, immobilized and entrapped cell walls, calcium alginate and silica nanoparticles, were exposed to AFM1 solution for 15 min and 24 h. Then, AFM1 content was analyzed by HPLC. The results showed that the samples used in this study reduced 65–89% of AFM1 content and the highest AFM1 reduction was related to the use of calcium alginate beads at contact time of 15 min. The sample, mixture of yeasts cell walls immobilized on silica nanoparticles entrapped in alginate gel, reduced AFM1 content significantly (86 %) at contact time of 24 h. Also, it was concluded that the beads were prepared in present study can be reused with a high efficiency (85 %) to reduce AFM1 content.