Abstract
Effective axle oils must efficiently transfer torque from the drive-train to the wheels, while maintaining low axle oil operating temperatures. Previous studies have shown that fluids, which form thicker elastohydrodynamic (EHD) films and have lower EHD friction, have higher torque transfer efficiencies (TE) and lower axle oil operating temperatures (OT). In general, oils with higher viscosities form thicker films and those with lower viscosities have lower EHD friction. Therefore, optimizing oil's rheological properties to maximize TE and minimize OT is difficult. In this paper, we examine two approaches to maintaining high TE while reducing OT. One approach is to minimize boundary friction since previous studies have shown that the boundary frictional properties of oils influence OT and not TE. A second approach is to more thoroughly examine the effect of rheology on film thickness and EHD friction. Film thickness and EHD friction are related to the high temperature high shear viscosity and pressure-viscosity coefficient of oils. We have found that oils with high pressureviscosity coefficients and low high temperature high shear viscosities will form thick films and have low EHD friction. This optimized combination of physical parameters, along with lowering the boundary friction coefficient of axle oils, results in oils with high TE and low OT. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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