Abstract
Reduction effect in rutile induced by neutron irradiation and its post-annealing experiment has been investigated. Rutile TiO 2 (1 1 0) specimens were cut from the same crystal, and irradiated with high-fluence (1×10 19 cm −2) neutron irradiation, then annealed in vacuum and oxidizing atmosphere at different temperatures, respectively. After irradiation, rutile shows deep dark-blue color. After oxidization, it becomes transparent again. But annealed in vacuum, the color of irradiated sample keeps invariable. By means of UV–VIS–IR, XPS, XRD and AFM, samples were investigated before and after irradiation, as well as after annealing. The results show that neutron irradiation induces O 2− ions sputtering and Ti 4+ ions reduce to Ti 3+, Ti 2+, even Ti +, and leads to metallization tendency, and the reduction of Ti 4+ presents depth-distribution. Especially surface morphology shows step pattern and polycrystalline structure because of insufficiency of O 2− ions.
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