Abstract
Worst-case execution time (WCET) is an important metric in real-time systems that helps in energy usage modeling and predefined execution time requirement evaluation. While basic timing analysis relies on execution path identification and its length evaluation, multi-thread code with critical section usage brings additional complications and requires analysis of resource-waiting time estimation. In this paper, we solve a problem of worst-case execution time overestimation reduction in situations when multiple threads are executing loops with the same critical section usage in each iteration. The experiment showed the worst-case execution time does not take into account the proportion between computational and critical sections; therefore, we proposed a new worst-case execution time calculation model to reduce the overestimation. The proposed model results prove to reduce the overestimation on average by half in comparison to the theoretical model. Therefore, this leads to more accurate execution time and energy consumption estimation.
Highlights
One of the metrics defining programming code efficiency is the execution time, that is, task execution speed
The aim of this paper is to reduce the worst-case execution time (WCET) overestimation in multi-thread loops with critical section usage
System programing code execution timing analysis is one of the factors used for system energy consumption modeling and prediction
Summary
One of the metrics defining programming code efficiency is the execution time, that is, task execution speed. Safety-critical real-time embedded systems need to be functionally correct, meet timing deadlines requirement of low energy consumption, and conform to the increasing demand for computing power. It is a necessary step in the development and validation process for real-time embedded systems. One of the reasons to predict and assure programming code execution time bounds is energy consumption. In battery-powered systems, the code execution time should be adjusted to battery replacement or charging times. Since it is based on the code execution time, the energy consumption amount can be predicted. The WCET is important for the evaluation of software safety and the optimization of energy consumption
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