Abstract
Recurring cases of suicide, escapement, riots, and overcapacity have been observed in correctional institutions in Indonesia. Mental health issues are one of the causes of such a phenomenon. The emergence of this mental health issue may negatively impact inmates and cause disturbances in correctional institutions. Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) focuses on transforming an irrational concept into a rational belief. This study aims to investigate the effects of REBT counseling with patronage technique on reducing anxiety levels. This new Patron-Client platform, equipped with the signification of gratitude and contentment, becomes a new form of proper counseling in a correctional institution. This study adopted the quasi-experiment before-after method with the Solomon four-group design. To garner the data, it involved four groups divided into two experimental and two control groups, consisting of 240 research population and 160 research subjects. ANOVA and T-test analysis were used to further analyze the obtained data. The findings show significantly different anxiety levels in the inmate groups before and after the treatment. Besides, no difference was observed in the inmates who did not receive the treatment. This study concludes that REBT counseling with patronage technique significantly decreases the inmates’ anxiety levels in the correctional institution. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-02-08 Full Text: PDF
Highlights
Based on the Environmental Load Theory [1], Behavioral Constraints Theory [2], Adaptation Level Theory [3], and Environmental Stress Theory [4], prisons may cause depression, obstacles in appropriate behavior, decreased adaptability, congested, and unhealthy environmental factors, increasing mental health disorders (such as paranoia, anxiety, Interpersonal Sensitivity (SI), obsessive-compulsiveness, somatization, phobias, hostility, psychotic) on the inmates
The description consists of the average (X) Anxiety Levels of the new inmates and frequency tabulation based on their characteristics
Mental health disorders can be caused by limited freedom of movement, pressure, obstacles in determining appropriate behavior, and decreased adaptability due to crowded and unhealthy environments
Summary
Based on the Environmental Load Theory [1], Behavioral Constraints Theory [2], Adaptation Level Theory [3], and Environmental Stress Theory [4], prisons may cause depression, obstacles in appropriate behavior, decreased adaptability, congested, and unhealthy environmental factors, increasing mental health disorders (such as paranoia, anxiety, Interpersonal Sensitivity (SI), obsessive-compulsiveness, somatization, phobias, hostility, psychotic) on the inmates. The development of correctional institutions has become one of the unresolved national problems, while the aforementioned theories suggest that inmates' mental health is essential. Considering the length of the inmates' sentences, the Correctional Institution is a new environment for them. Once they come to the correctional institution, they lose their rights and obligations as normal human beings while experiencing mental disorders. Society’s stigmatization of inmates who live in correctional institutions may affect their attitudes and perspectives [5].
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