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Abstract
treatment programs (OTPs) in the United States offer it. This analysis of a nationally-representative sample of 339 OTPs surveyed in 2005 and 2011 uses generalized estimating equations to identify program and market characteristics associated with any adoption of buprenorphine, adoption of buprenorphine for detoxification and adoption of buprenorphine formaintenance. Rates of adoption increased significantly across all outcomes from 2005 to 2011. In multivariate models, proportion of recovering staff was associated with higher odds of overall adoption and adoption for detoxification only. Moreover, the proportion of clients who injected drugs and the proportion of county substance abuse programs offering methadone were associated with lower odds of adoption across all outcomes. Treatment philosophy of recovery staff and availability of methadone in the local treatment market may present barriers to adoption of buprenorphine.
Published Version
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