Abstract
In this study some algebraic connections in genetic code is being discussed. The genetic code is the rule by which DNA stores the genetic information about formation of protein molecule. Based on the physico-chemical properties of four RNA (or DNA) bases, two orders in the base sets are obtained. This ordering allows us to define a ring structure on the set of 64 codons. Then the total graph in the genetic code algebra is being discussed. It is shown that transition mutations (purine (A, G) to purine or pyrimidine (C, T) to pyrimidine) on the third base position of codons partitions the whole set of codons into disjoint graphs and thereby generates the total graph of the genetic code. The redundancy of the 64 codons coding for the 20 amino acids is reduced by the total graph.
Highlights
The genetic code is a series of codons that specify which amino acids are required to make up specific protein
The 64 codons are arranged in a genetic code table
By taking into account the hydrogen bond number and chemical types of the bases,we have obtained an ordering of the four bases {A, G, C, U}
Summary
The genetic code is a series of codons that specify which amino acids are required to make up specific protein. In DNA (or RNA), 64 codons make up the genetic code, though there are only 20 amino acids. The resulting inequalities of the sum of the codons with the codon AUG implicitly gives a sum operation in the set of bases {A, G, C, U}.
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