Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cancer. Despite the higher prevalence of MetS in obese adults, little is known about the effectiveness of intensive and group interventions in improving MetS prevalence. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of an intensive lifestyle program in reducing the prevalence of MetS in adults with obesity. Patients with obesity (n = 456, 48.8 12.8 years, 18.5% male) were randomized in two groups as indicated in a prospective interventional real-life study: a control group (CG), in which patients received usual care, and an interventional group (IG), in which the patients participate in a healthy lifestyle habits program in six weekly sessions, IGOBE program. Anthropometric, body composition, medications, and MetS features data were analyzed in both groups at the pre-intervention and post-intervention stages using a completer’s analysis. At 12 months of follow-up, the IG showed a relative reduction of 13.4% in the prevalence of MetS from baseline, while the CG showed a reduction of 2.1% (p < 0.001). A significant reduction was also observed in four of five MetS features. In this trial, implementation of the IGOBE program resulted in a significant reduction in MetS prevalence and better control of MetS features compared with the standard of care.
Highlights
Introduction iationsObesity is a major public health problem with an exponentially increasing incidence [1]and affects 21.6% of adults in Spain [2]
Participants who had obesity induced by endocrine problems, were diagnosed with mental illness or other health problems that could alter their response to treatment, with drug-abuse problems or consumed alcohol, use weight loss drugs, planned to get pregnant or were pregnant during the study period, previously underwent weight-loss surgery, had special dietary restrictions, and acquired an HIV infection were excluded
The Metabolic syndrome (MetS) status at 1 year was assessed in 437 participants (213 in the control group (CG) and 224 in the interventional group (IG))
Summary
Introduction iationsObesity is a major public health problem with an exponentially increasing incidence [1]and affects 21.6% of adults in Spain [2]. The World Health Organization defines obesity as excessive fat accumulation that may impair health and proposes the use of a cut-off body mass index (BMI) value of greater than or equal to 30 kg/m2. The same cut-off value is used by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which divides obesity into three categories: class 1 for BMI of 30 to
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