Abstract
ABSTRACTCold start performance of diesel engines is determined by engine design, fuel type, fuel injection strategies, lubricant and ambient temperature conditions. Prevailing emissions legislation regarding low temperature emission tests applicable for gasoline vehicles is likely to be implemented to diesel vehicles. The present research work investigates the effects of intake air heating on a Euro 5 diesel engine’s performance and exhaust emission (gaseous and particulate emissions) characteristics during the cold start followed by idling at cold ambient conditions. Heating of intake air entering the engine at cold ambient temperature conditions improved fuel combustion as well as reduced the cranking period and improved the fuel economy. More than 50% reduction in HC and 17% reduction in NOx emissions were achieved by intake air heating. Number count of accumulation mode particulates were higher during cold start compared to idle operation for all the temperature conditions. Intake air heating decreased the particulate number and size that led to reduction in total particulate mass by higher than 50% and 75% during cold start and idle respectively. The intake air heating strategy improved the cold start performance of the diesel engine at cold ambient temperature conditions and thereby would reduce the overall driving cycle emissions.
Highlights
Diesel engines are the versatile power source and widely used in automotive and power sectors
Intake air heating decreased the particulate number and size that led to reduction in total particulate mass by higher than 50% and 75% during cold start and idle respectively
Higher fuel injection quantity, poor lubrication, partial fuel evaporation and improper combustion (b) conditions are the crucial problems for the cold start
Summary
Diesel engines are the versatile power source and widely used in automotive and power sectors. Advanced engine technologies have been developed to meet the ever stringent automotive exhaust emission norms. An approach to meet the latest emission norms is reducing the exhaust emission generated in combustion and/or optimizing the performance of exhaust after treatment devices. The emission reduction performance of exhaust aftertreatment devices is poor at start conditions, as the catalyst would not reach the light-off temperature even at normal ambient temperatures as well. Effective year 2000 (Euro 3), the NEDC test procedure was modified to eliminate the first 40 sec engine warm-up period prior to beginning of emission sampling (dieselnet, 2014).
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