Reducing Barriers to Optimal Automated External Defibrillator Use: An Elementary School Intervention Study

Abstract

<h2>Abstract</h2><h3>Background</h3> Timely use of an automated external defibrillator (AED) improves outcomes in sudden cardiopulmonary arrest (SCA). Our project aims were to: 1) identify the barriers to optimal AED use in the Québec City area elementary schools; 2) create targeted educational material regarding AEDs; and 3) measure the impact of the teaching module. <h3>Methods</h3> Using a quality improvement in health-care framework, a survey exploring the barriers to AED use was sent to 139 elementary schools. We then developed a video teaching module on using AEDs to address these barriers. A convenience sample of 92 elementary school professionals participated in a mock scenario. Metrics related to AED use were assessed at baseline and after completing the post-teaching module. The primary outcome was the time to first shock and secondary outcomes consisted of evaluating the completion of each step required for safe and effective AED use. <h3>Results</h3> The barrier analysis survey received a response rate of 52.5%. Most schools reported having an AED (95%), but 48.6% indicated that no formal training was offered. After the teaching module, the appropriate use of the AED in an SCA simulation improved from 53% to 92% (<i>P</i> < 0.001). The average time elapsed before first shock was 66 (95% confidence interval [CI], 63-70) seconds at baseline compared with 47 (95% CI, 45-49) seconds post-teaching module (<i>P</i> < 0.001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Lack of training, the main barrier to optimal use of AEDs in elementary schools, can be addressed through a brief video teaching module, thus improving the ability to deliver timely and effective defibrillation.