Reduced-Order Electrochemical Model Parameters Identification and SOC Estimation for Healthy and Aged Li-Ion Batteries Part I: Parameterization Model Development for Healthy Batteries

Abstract

The current phase in our transportation system represents a paradigm shift from conventional, fossil-fuel-based vehicles into the second-generation electric and hybrid vehicles. Electric vehicles (EVs) provide numerous advantages compared with conventional vehicles because they are more efficient, sustainable, greener, and cleaner. The commercial market penetration and success of EVs depend on the efficiency, safety, cost, and lifetime of the traction battery pack. One of the current key electrification challenges is to accurately estimate the battery pack state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH), and therefore provide an estimate of the remaining driving range at various battery states of life. To estimate the battery SOC, a high-fidelity battery model along with a robust, accurate estimation strategy is necessary. This paper provides three main contributions: 1) introducing a new SOC parameterization strategy and employing it in setting up optimizer constraints to estimate battery parameters; 2) identification of the full-set of the reduced-order electrochemical battery model parameters by using noninvasive genetic algorithm optimization on a fresh battery; and 3) model validation by using real-world driving cycles. Extensive tests have been conducted on lithium iron phosphate-based cells widely used in high-power automotive applications. Models can be effectively used onboard of battery management system.