Reduced rainfall in future heavy precipitation events tied to decreased rain area and takes place despite increased rain rate

Abstract

<p>Heavy precipitation events (HPEs) can lead to deadly and costly natural disasters and, especially in regions where rainfall variability is high, such as the eastern Mediterranean, they are critical to the hydrological budget. Reliable projections of future HPEs are needed, but global climate models are too coarse to explicitly represent rainfall processes during HPEs. In this study we used pseudo global warming high-resolution (1 km<sup>2</sup>) weather research and forecasting (WRF) model simulations to provide rainfall patterns projections based on simulations of 41 pairs of historic and “future” (end of 21<sup>st</sup> century) HPEs under global warming conditions (RCP8.5 scenario). Changes in rainfall patterns were analyzed through different properties: storm mean conditional rain rate, storm duration, and rain area. A major decrease in rainfall accumulation occurs in future HPEs (−30% averaged across events). This decrease results from a substantial reduction of the storms rain area (−40%) and duration (−9%), and occurs despite an increase in the mean conditional rain intensity (+15%). The consistency of results across events, driven by varying synoptic conditions, suggests that these changes have low sensitivity to the specific synoptic evolution during the events. Future HPEs in the eastern Mediterranean will therefore likely be drier and more spatiotemporally concentrated, with substantial implications on hydrological outcomes of storms. (For hydrological results see: abstract #EGU22-4777)</p><ul><li>Armon, M., Marra, F., Enzel, Y., Rostkier‐Edelstein, D., Garfinkel, C. I., Adam, O., et al. (2022). Reduced Rainfall in Future Heavy Precipitation Events Related to Contracted Rain Area Despite Increased Rain Rate. <em>Earth’s Future</em>, <em>10</em>(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021ef002397</li> </ul>