Reduced pulsatile growth hormone secretion in children after therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Abstract

Basal growth hormone levels were measured every 20 minutes over 24 hours in eight long-term survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and in 13 age- and pubertal stage-matched normal children. Among the patients, the median total basal growth hormone output (AUC) was 43 units, compared with 341 units in the normal control group (P less than 0.001). In the patients, mean pulse amplitude (6.9 ng/ml) and frequency (4.6) over 24 hours also were reduced, compared with the control values (32 ng/ml and 8.5, P less than 0.001 and P less than 0.05, respectively). In addition, normal children secreted more GH at night (median AUC 280) than during the day (113, P less than 0.001). However, this diurnal pattern was absent in three of the patients studied. These data suggest that perturbations of spontaneous pulsatile GH secretion are common after standard therapy for ALL and may be a sensitive means of detecting therapy-related neuroendocrine damage. Blunting of spontaneous pulsatile GH secretion may contribute to the abnormalities in growth seen in children with ALL.