Abstract
It is suggested that neurodevelopmental abnormalities are involved in the disease mechanisms of psychotic disorders. Although cellular adhesion molecules (CAMs) participate in neurodevelopment, modulate blood–brain barrier permeability, and facilitate leukocyte migration, findings concerning their systemic levels in adults with psychosis are inconsistent. We examined plasma levels and mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of selected CAMs in adolescents with early-onset psychosis (EOP) aged 12–18 years (n = 37) and age-matched healthy controls (HC) (n = 68). EOP patients exhibited significantly lower circulating levels of soluble platelet selectin (~−22%) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (~−14%) than HC. We found no significant associations with symptom severity. PSEL mRNA expression was increased in PBMCs of patients and significantly negatively correlated to duration of illness. These findings suggest a role for CAMs in the pathophysiology of psychotic disorders.
Highlights
In the neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia (SZ), subtle changes in brain connectivity and circuitry[1] together with structural abnormalities[2] are hypothesized to cause vulnerability to disease, but these issues are far from clear
We evaluated whether having a psychotic disorder significantly contributed to the explained variance of sP-selectin, sVCAM-1, and PSEL mRNA after control for potential confounders (Tables 2–4)
We found that adolescents with early-onset psychosis disorders (EOP) exhibited reduced levels of the vascular cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) sP-selectin and sVCAM-1, whereas PSEL mRNA
Summary
In the neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia (SZ), subtle changes in brain connectivity and circuitry[1] together with structural abnormalities[2] are hypothesized to cause vulnerability to disease, but these issues are far from clear. We investigated the hypothesis that, compared with age-matched HC, adolescents with EOP exhibit alterations in circulating levels (lower or higher) of selected soluble CAMs (sCAMs) reflecting platelet, leukocyte, and endothelial cell activation (sP-selectin, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, and sMAdCAM), soluble tight-junction proteins (sJAM-A), and soluble neuronal cadherin (sN-CAD) and that such alterations are associated with disease severity.
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