Abstract
ABSTRACT To reduce the damage caused by logging in the Amazon rainforest, new metaheuristics have been implemented and tested to ensure the sustainability of this economic segment. Therefore, this study aimed to compare alternatives for road sizing and log deck allocation. In a forest management unit, the skidding to log decks was evaluated in two different areas. To determine the skidding/log deck relation, georeferenced points were generated equally spaced every 50 m. In area 1, the Integer Linear Programming (ILP) model and the Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm (MOEA) were compared. In area 2, only the MOEA was considered. In both areas, these models were also compared to the current planning used in the forest management unit. Solutions were then generated to identify the best management alternative. In both areas, the MOEA showed greater efficiency regarding the processing time, as well as the reduction of log decks number and the road sizing. The multi-objective evolutionary approach assists the decision-making process, due to the presentation of alternatives based on Pareto-optimal solutions, making the choice more flexible and well supported.
Highlights
The activities planning involving the extraction of wood in the Amazon region are ruled by Normative Instruction No 5/2006 (Brasil, 2006), of the Ministry of the Environment, and by Resolution No 406/2009 (Brasil, 2009), of the National Environment Council
This study aimed to compare alternatives for road sizing and for log deck allocation, in order to reduce the impacts of logging on the Amazon rainforest, by comparing the planning used in a forest management unit with Integer Linear Programming (ILP) and Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm (MOEA) methods
MOEA presented satisfactory results when compared to ILP in a management problem for area 1
Summary
The activities planning involving the extraction of wood in the Amazon region are ruled by Normative Instruction No 5/2006 (Brasil, 2006), of the Ministry of the Environment, and by Resolution No 406/2009 (Brasil, 2009), of the National Environment Council. These legal instruments seek to standardize criteria to ensure the sustainable management of these forests. In this context, logging Brazilian Amazon consists of three phases: pre-exploratory, exploratory, and postexploratory. One problem in the Amazon, which involves decision making, is to determine the location of log decks allocation in the Annual Operational Plan
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