Reduced graphene oxide-modified electrodes via fused deposition modeling 3D printing for hydrogen peroxide sensor

Abstract

Abstract 3D printed electrochemical electrode processes have garnered significant interest due to their promising applications. However, broader implementation remains constrained due to challenges in material selection, complex fabrication processes, and reproducibility issues. Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D Printing presents a simplified alternative, enabling swift and cost-effective production of electrochemical sensors. This paper introduces a novel manufacturing approach that uses a dual-printer setup for printing sensor electrodes and subsequent surface modification with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) casting. The electrode surfaces, both before and after rGO drop casting, are comprehensively characterized, including physical morphology, chemical composition, and electrochemical performance. As a result, the electrode, after surface modification with rGO, exhibits a sensitivity increase exceeding fortyfold compared to the pristine printed surface, as demonstrated through hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) amperometric measurements. This outcome opens up new avenues and prospects for the manufacturing of 3D printed electrochemical sensors.