Abstract
The extended process chain starting from slurry mixing up to the operative lithium‐ion battery requires a deep understanding of each individual process step and knowledge of the interaction of the different process steps with each other. In particular, the intertwining of slurry mixing and drying determines the microstructure of the electrode, which in turn affects the performance of the cell. Herein, a scalable multilayer approach is used to tailor electrodes with improved mechanical and electrochemical properties, which disclose their advantages especially at high drying rates. Cryogenic broad ion beam scanning electron microscopy (Cryo‐BIB‐SEM) micrographs are used to reveal the influences of different process parameters, like slurry formulation, mixing device, and properties of the active material on the intrinsic network between active particles and binders in graphite‐based anode slurries. By a chosen combination of these slurries in a multilayer electrode, a tenfold acceleration of the drying time with favorable mechanical and electrochemical properties for full cells derived from these anodes is demonstrated.
Highlights
It was further found that the bonding mechanism between carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and the active material depends on the surface properties of theThe drying speed in the production of electrodes for lithium-ion active material
Based on Section 2.2.2, this additional effect, which might lead to an increase in the adhesion strength, could be indicative of more binding sites on the surface of the spherical graphite and stronger ester bonds, which are formed between the CMC and the active material during drying
The problem of increased binder migration during accelerated electrode drying is well-known from practical experience and from literature
Summary
The drying speed in the production of electrodes for lithium-ion active material. This is attributed to the interaction either between batteries is still a limiting factor in cell production.[1]. An influence of the mixing step on cell performance was shown caused by a higher deagglomeration of the carbon black, combined with a more intensive kneading of binders onto the active material using a high shear-mixing process.[21,22] As a result, the network of additives and active material within the slurry leads to a different microstructure of the dry electrode, which is later formed during the drying step. The multilayer approach is applied for anode slurries with a suppressed tendency for binder migration in the bottom layer to obtain high adhesion forces, combined with a top layer with improved electrochemical performance This approach allows for very high drying rates, whereas the electrode still possesses good mechanical and electrochemical properties compared with a singlelayered reference graphite anode, dried under the same conditions
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