Abstract
The ICT scene is dominated by short-range intra-datacenter interconnects and networking, requiring high speed and stable operations at high temperatures. GaAs/AlGaAs vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) emitting at 850–980 nm have arisen as the main actors in this framework. Starting from our in-house 3D fully comprehensive VCSEL solver VENUS, in this work we present the possibility of downscaling the dimensionality of the simulation, ending up with a multiphysics 1D solver (D1ANA), which is shown to be capable of reproducing the experimental data very well. D1ANA is then extensively applied to optimize high-temperature operation, by modifying cavity detuning and distributed Bragg’s reflector lengths.
Highlights
Since their introduction into the laser market, vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) are having increasing success, thanks to low production costs, array-oriented manufacturability, great efficiency, and temperature stability
Starting from our in-house 3D fully comprehensive VCSEL solver VENUS, in this work we present the possibility of downscaling the dimensionality of the simulation, ending up with a multiphysics 1D solver (D1ANA), which is shown to be capable of reproducing the experimental data very well
By identifying some crucial parameters and fitting them to the experimental results, we arrived at the calibrated D1ANA suite, which was shown to reproduce well the most interesting VCSEL features: I-V and L-I characteristics
Summary
Since their introduction into the laser market, vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) are having increasing success, thanks to low production costs, array-oriented manufacturability, great efficiency (and low power consumption), and temperature stability. The computational burden entailed by such 3D solvers considerably limits their application in large optimization campaigns, which are of the maximum interest In view of such a task, in this paper we investigate the possibility of applying a reduced dimensionality multiphysics approach to study the entangled opto-electro-thermal VCSEL operation. All the subproblems governing the VCSEL operation have been reduced to 1D problems in the longitudinal direction, which is the main direction of the current flow, of the heat flow, and of the photon emission In this scenario, D1ANA could be thought as an intermediate model between fully phenomenological rate equations [25] and entirely physics-based 3D descriptions [10,26,27], efficient enough to be applied to preliminary extended parametric campaigns and/or in optimization loops. The steady-state thermal solver is based on a 1D finite element method (FEM) approach, which treats the nonlinear heat diffusion coefficients with an iterative approach [11]
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