Abstract
Ostariophysan fish possess large epidermal cells that contain the alarm substance or Schreckstoff characteristic of this group. In some species these alarm substance cells are retained throughout the reproductive cycle; in others they are completely absent from the epidermis during the breeding season in males only or in both sexes. Zebra danios represent a fourth category: males have fewer alarm-substance cells than do females and treatment with 17α-methyltestosterone leads to a further reduction, but not complete absence, of alarm substance cells. Treating females with 17α-methyltestosterone reduced the number of alarm substance cells in their epidermis.
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