Reduce antibacterial activity against ceftriaxone resist Escherichia coli isolated from urinary tract infections by modification of ceftriaxone

Abstract

This study focused on clarifying the problem of antibiotic resistance in harmful bacteria and proposed a solution by utilizing the advantages of schiff base synthesis. Seventy-five urine samples were procured from a Baghdad, Iraq medical facility, forming the study's basis. Through a chemical reaction involving ceftriaxone and specific aldehydes, namely 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 4-ethoxybenzaldehyde, two novel Schiff base derivatives, labeled as compounds A and B, were synthesized and subsequently characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Intriguingly, conventional aldehyde derivatives and ceftriaxone exhibited limited efficacy in inhibiting Escherichia coli (E. coli) growth, as evidenced by reduced inhibition zones. In contrast, the newly synthesized Schiff base derivatives demonstrated enhanced antimicrobial activity, significantly inhibiting bacterial growth with zones measuring 21 mm for compound A and 18 mm for compound B. These findings underscore the potential of Schiff base synthesis as a promising avenue for developing effective strategies against antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, highlighting the importance of innovative approaches in combating microbial resistance.