Redefinition of the Social Space Based on Social Atlas Analysis: A Case Study of Dongguan, China

Abstract

Social area analysis is a conventional approach for studying social divisions and social structures and involves deducing and examining existing theories in America. However, because it is confined to the designated demography index and not spatial features, social area analysis is incapable of discovering the diversity of social spaces. This paper presents and analyzes a series of social maps, using data from the Sixth Population Census and POI data from electronic maps and then discusses the sociospatial features of Chinese cities. From the maps, it is found that with demographic properties, social facilities, and organization, an improved index system of social spaces emerges. Using these insights, a study of the social area is conducted. The result is that 11 types of social areas are found in Dongguan, respectively, (1) old town centers, (2) high-grade residential and commercial areas, (3) general residential areas, (4) sub-commercial centers, (5) administration centers, (6) industrial community areas, (7) low-density suburban areas, (8) historical culture areas, (9) new residential areas, (10) agricultural areas, and (11) old age communities. Furthermore, these areas are classified into three kinds of social spaces, rural communities, rural migrant worker communities, and urban communities, and a triad structure society model of Dongguan is uncovered in the space. In the end, this research demonstrates that the method of social atlas can relieve the limitations of social area analysis. It contributes to understanding a very complex and diverse social space and reconstructing the research framework to adapt to particular social situations in China.