Red and Yellow Injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin Demonstrated Differential Effects on Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Osteogenic Differentiation.

Prakan Thanasrisuebwong,Nisarat Ruangsawasdi,Sirichai Kiattavorncharoen,Rudee Surarit,Chareerut Phruksaniyom

doi:10.3390/ijms21145153

Prakan Thanasrisuebwong, Nisarat Ruangsawasdi + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21145153

Copy DOI

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences	Publication Date: Jul 21, 2020
Citations: 30	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Mahidol University

Abstract

The biological benefits of using two fractions derived from injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) in bone regeneration remain unclear. Thus, the current study examined two fractionation protocols producing yellow i-PRF and red i-PRF on periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). The i-PRF samples from five donors were harvested from two different levels, with and without a buffy coat layer, to obtain red and yellow i-PRF, respectively. The PDLSCs were isolated and characterized before their experimental use. The culture medium in each assay was loaded with 20% of the conditioned medium containing the factors released from the red and yellow i-PRF. Cell proliferation and cell migration were determined with an MTT and trans-well assay, respectively. Osteogenic differentiation was investigated using alkaline phosphatase and Alizarin red staining. The efficiency of both i-PRFs was statistically compared. We found that the factors released from the red i-PRF had a greater effect on cell proliferation and cell migration. Moreover, the factors released from the yellow i-PRF stimulated PDLSC osteogenic differentiation earlier compared with the red i-PRF. These data suggest that the red i-PRF might be suitable for using in bone regeneration because it induced the mobilization and growth of bone regenerative cells without inducing premature mineralization.

Highlights

Bone regeneration in dentistry is a dynamic approach for treating critical size bone defects that are unlikely to self-heal
To determine which injectable Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) (i-PRF) fraction has the greatest effect on human periodontal ligament stem cells osteogenic differentiation, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of i-PRF on mesenchymal stem cell behavior relating to the process of mineralized tissue formation
We found that the release from the yellow and red i-PRFs enhanced cell proliferation and migration better than the controls, similar to other studies on different cell types [14,17,21]

Summary

Introduction

Bone regeneration in dentistry is a dynamic approach for treating critical size bone defects that are unlikely to self-heal. These complicated defects require a triad of tissue engineering, cells, signaling molecules, and a scaffold. Fibrin is a natural scaffold that has been used clinically to promote bone regeneration due to its outstanding biocompatibility, manageable biodegradability, and ability to deliver signaling molecules [1,2]. The benefits of using PRF for bone regeneration include that PRF functions as a scaffold for endogenous cell homing and as a signaling protein reservoir for osteoinduction [5]. PRF was initially used as a membrane, which enhanced soft tissue healing rather than bone regeneration [6]. The development of injectable PRF (i-PRF) allowed its use in bone tissue regeneration by enriching the growth factors in bone substitute materials, and allows the bone graft particles to stick together for better handling [7]

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion