Abstract
In the present study, an efficient method for waste ITO target recycling producing In-Sn alloy has been proposed based on molten salt electrochemistry. The thermodynamic analysis delivers a wide potential window of 2.26 V for the co-reduction of In2O3 and SnO2 at 750 °C in the molten NaCl-KCl system, indicating the theoretical feasibility of In-Sn alloy production through direct electro-deoxidation of waste ITO target. The electrochemical behaviors of indium and tin ions, as well as waste ITO target in NaCl-KCl were systematically investigated through the transient electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, open circuit chronopotentiometry, and potentiodynamic linear sweep, and the results generally accord well with each other. The electro-deoxidation experiments were conducted using waste ITO target as the cathode at a constant cell voltage of 3.0 V for varied time intervals. The reaction mechanism was clarified based on the analysis of the phase composition and microstructure changes of the cathodic products during electrolysis. The results indicate that the reactions such as In2O3/SnO2 electro-deoxidation, InO2- formation between In2O3 and O2-, as well as electro-reduction of InO2- generating metallic In, could proceed simultaneously during the electrolytic process.
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