Recycling of waste biomass and mineral powder for preparation of potassium-enriched compost

Abstract

An attempt was made to recycle waste biomass and mineral powder (waste mica) as an alternative source of potassium (K) through composting technology. Two different waste biomass, isabgol straw and palmarosa distillation waste along with two levels of waste mica (2 and 4% as K) were used for preparation of enriched composts. A notable decrease of C:N ratio was observed at the end of the composting (150 days) as an indicator of compost maturity. The mature composts were evaluated for K-supplying capacity through laboratory leaching and soil incubation study. Significantly higher water-soluble K released initially followed by a sharp decrease up to 21 days of leaching thereafter gradually decreased up to 35 days of leaching. Water-soluble K was released from K-enriched (mica charged) compost significantly higher than the ordinary compost throughout the leaching period. Soil incubation study also revealed that application of K-enriched compost greatly improved the available K (water soluble and exchangeable) pools in K-deficient soil which indicated that a considerable amount of K releases during composting. Therefore, K-enriched compost could be an effective alternative of costly commercial K fertilizer and eco-friendly approach to utilize low-cost waste mineral powder and plant residue.