Recycling of ash slag of the fuel and energy complex into the production of porous aggregate and its ecological and economic efficiency

Abstract

Currently, the need to solve the accumulated environmental problems is crucial for the survival of mankind. The article describes a method of processing a large–tonnage secondary resource - ash and slag and waste of the fuel and energy industry. An assessment of the ecological and economic efficiency of this technology was presented. It showed that the use of large-tonnage waste of the fuel and energy industry makes it possible to obtain porous aggregates with improved physical and mechanical properties. It was shown that ash-slag waste can be used as a filler and a burn-out additive in the production of porous fillers based on the liquid-glass composition. The new technology for obtaining a porous filler (RF patent № 2470885) involves the following operations: grinding andmixing, obtaining granules, heat treatment at 250-300 °C, heat trearment at 1000 oC, production of a porous filler M400 with a thermal conductivity of less than 0.25 W / (m °>C). The method of production of porous aggregate allows for the use of large–tonnage waste - ash and slag materials without the use of natural traditional raw materials such as clay, and quartz sand. The study has shown that porosity is little visible. This means that the ash–slag material contributes to the production of closed pores in the porous filler, which increases strength of the products; the optimal amount of ash-slag is 37%. The results of the use of ash and slag are as follows: a) an increase in the volume of production of porous aggregates due to waste recycling; b) increased profit; c) higher waste capacity; d) saving on material resources.