Abstract
The petroleum sector is one of the fastest expanding businesses, and it helps emerging countries like India thrive economically. Due to the growth of energy demand, the production of crude oil/gas is increasing rapidly. Oil field waste water produced in largest stream during exploration of oil and gas. It contains wide range of pollutants such as petroleum hydrocarbons, mercaptans, oil and grease and other organic compounds. These compounds are found in a very complicated form in the water that the petroleum industry sends out into the earth, which is very harm to the environment either directly or indirectly. In this article, we reviewed how different recycling technologies have been used in the historical and contemporary to deal with oil field wastewater. Various recycling operations like physicochemical and biological processes are used to clean up wastewater from the petroleum industry. The results of recycling process, improves the quality of water which can be used for reinjection along with makeup water for recovery of oil from the reservoir. Also, the treated water can be used for agriculture and many other industrial applications.
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